A donkey (Equus asinus) is a domesticated animal belonging to the horse family. They are characterized by their long ears, sturdy build, and distinctive bray. Donkeys are generally smaller than horses and are well-adapted to arid and semi-arid environments. They have played a crucial role in human history, providing transportation, carrying loads, and assisting in agriculture. Wild asses, the ancestors of domestic donkeys, originated in Africa. The domestication of donkeys dates back thousands of years, and they have since spread across the globe.

Donkeys are herbivores, primarily grazing on grasses and other vegetation. Their digestive systems are efficient at extracting nutrients from tough, fibrous plants. They are social animals and typically live in herds or small groups. Donkeys communicate through a variety of vocalizations, including their characteristic bray, as well as body language. Their physical strength and endurance make them well-suited for carrying heavy loads over long distances. Donkeys are also known for their sure-footedness, allowing them to navigate difficult terrain. Their intelligence and trainability have made them valuable working animals throughout history. Donkeys are often used for packing, riding, and pulling carts or plows.

Donkeys offer numerous benefits to humans and the environment. They provide a sustainable and affordable means of transportation and labor, particularly in developing countries. Their ability to thrive in harsh environments makes them valuable in regions where other livestock may struggle. Donkeys can help improve soil health through their grazing habits and manure production. They are also increasingly recognized for their therapeutic benefits, providing companionship and emotional support to people of all ages. Donkey milk is also considered to have health benefits and is used in some cultures. Furthermore, donkeys play a role in conservation efforts by grazing in areas to reduce fire risk and maintain biodiversity.